The new rules were not universally accepted in Britain, however many clubs retained their own rules, especially in and around Sheffield. Indeed, by 1870 all handling of the ball except by the goalkeeper was prohibited by the FA. Thus, the “handling” game of rugby remained outside the newly formed Football Association (FA).
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In 1863 a series of meetings involving clubs from metropolitan London and surrounding counties produced the printed rules of football, which prohibited the carrying of the ball. As early as 1843 an attempt to standardize and codify the rules of play was made at the University of Cambridge, whose students joined most public schools in 1848 in adopting these “ Cambridge rules,” which were further spread by Cambridge graduates who formed football clubs. The variance in rules made it difficult for public schoolboys entering university to continue playing except with former schoolmates. Each school had its own rules some allowed limited handling of the ball and others did not. However, football was taken up as a winter game between residence houses at public (independent) schools such as Winchester, Charterhouse, and Eton. Industrialization and urbanization, which reduced the amount of leisure time and space available to the working class, combined with a history of legal prohibitions against particularly violent and destructive forms of folk football to undermine the game’s status from the early 19th century onward. Since before medieval times, “ folk football” games had been played in towns and villages according to local customs and with a minimum of rules. Modern football originated in Britain in the 19th century. Football’s governing body, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), estimated that at the turn of the 21st century there were approximately 250 million football players and over 1.3 billion people “interested” in football in 2010 a combined television audience of more than 26 billion watched football’s premier tournament, the quadrennial month-long World Cup finals.Īre you game? Go beyond basketball, baseball, and football to see what you know about chukkas, arnis, and batsmen.įor a history of the origins of football sport, see football. Simple in its principal rules and essential equipment, the sport can be played almost anywhere, from official football playing fields (pitches) to gymnasiums, streets, school playgrounds, parks, or beaches. The team that scores more goals wins.įootball is the world’s most popular ball game in numbers of participants and spectators. Only the goalkeeper is permitted to handle the ball and may do so only within the penalty area surrounding the goal. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!įootball, also called association football or soccer, game in which two teams of 11 players, using any part of their bodies except their hands and arms, try to maneuver the ball into the opposing team’s goal.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.
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